AS 2118.1-1995

1 - AS 2118.1-1995 AUTOMATIC FIRE SPRINKLER SYSTEMS - STANDARD
4 - PREFACE
5 - CONTENTS
8 - SECTION 1 SCOPE, DEFINITIONS, CLASSIFICATION AND DESIGN DATA
8 - 1.1 SCOPE
8 - 1.2 NEW DESIGNS AND INNOVATIONS
8 - 1.3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
8 - 1.4 DEFINITIONS
8 - 1.4.1 Alarm valve
8 - 1.4.2 Approved
8 - 1.4.3 Assumed area of operation
8 - 1.4.4 Regulatory authority
8 - 1.4.5 Authorized inspector
8 - 1.4.6 Building owner
8 - 1.4.7 Fire and draught stop
9 - 1.4.8 Inferior wall
9 - 1.4.9 Net positive suction head (NPSH) (of a pump)
9 - 1.4.10 Open joists and exposed common rafters
9 - 1.4.11 Sprinklered area
9 - 1.4.12 Sprinklered building
9 - 1.4.13 Post or box pallet
10 - SECTION 2 CLASSES OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS AND DESIGN DATA
10 - 2.1 CLASSES OF SYSTEMS
10 - 2.2 CLASSIFICATION OF OCCUPANCIES
10 - 2.2.1 General
10 - 2.2.2 Light hazard occupanies
10 - 2.2.3 Ordinary hazard occupancies
13 - 2.2.4 High hazard occupancies
15 - 2.3 TYPES OF SYSTEMS
15 - 2.3.1 Standard sprinkler systems
19 - 2.3.2 Special sprinkler systems
21 - 2.4 DESIGN DATA
22 - SECTION 3 INSTALLATION
22 - 3.1 SPRINKLERED BUILDINGS
22 - 3.1.1 Extent of sprinkler protection
22 - 3.1.2 Protection against exposure hazards
23 - 3.1.3 Permitted exceptions
23 - 3.2 TRANSMISSION OF ALARM SIGNAL TO FIRE BRIGADE
24 - 3.3 LOCAL ALARM
24 - 3.4 SYSTEM MONITORING
24 - 3.4.1 General
24 - 3.4.2 Monitoring devices
24 - 3.4.3 Systems to be monitored
24 - 3.4.4 Components to be monitored
24 - 3.4.5 Installation
25 - SECTION 4 WATER SUPPLIES
25 - 4.1 GENERAL
25 - 4.2 ACCEPTABLE SOURCES OF SUPPLY
25 - 4.3 WATER SUPPLY GRADES
25 - 4.3.1 General
25 - 4.3.2 Grade3 water supplies
26 - 4.3.3 Grade2 water supplies
27 - 4.3.4 Grade1 water supplies
37 - 4.4 CONNECTIONS TO OTHER SERVICES
37 - 4.4.1 General
38 - 4.4.2 Fire hose reel connections
38 - 4.4.3 Fire brigade booster connection
38 - 4.5 PRESSURE AND FLOW REQUIREMENTS
39 - 4.6 PRESSURE CONSIDERATIONS
39 - 4.7 MINIMUM CAPACITY OF STORED WATER SUPPLIES
39 - 4.8 PUMP SUCTION TANKS
39 - 4.8.1 General
39 - 4.8.2 Effective capacity
41 - 4.8.3 Vortex inhibitor
42 - 4.8.4 Supply from inexhaustible source
45 - 4.9 PRIVATE WATER SUPPLIES
45 - 4.9.1 General
45 - 4.9.2 Elevated private reservoirs
45 - 4.9.3 Gravity tanks
45 - 4.10 TOWN MAINS
45 - 4.10.1 Direct supply from town mains
46 - 4.10.2 Pump drawing from town mains
46 - 4.11 PUMP INSTALLATIONS
46 - 4.11.1 General requirements
47 - 4.11.2 Pump operating conditions
47 - 4.11.3 Suction piping
47 - 4.11.4 Performance requirements for pumps
47 - 4.12 PUMPSETS
51 - 4.13 PRESSURE TANKS
51 - 4.13.1 General
51 - 4.13.2 Special requirements
53 - 4.14 PROVING OF WATER SUPPLIES
55 - SECTION 5 SPACING AND LOCATION OF SPRINKLERS
55 - 5.1 STANDARD SPACING
55 - 5.2 STAGGERED SPACING
55 - 5.3 MINIMUM DISTANCE BETWEEN SPRINKLERS
55 - 5.4 LOCATION OF SPRINKLERS (OTHER THAN SIDEWALL SPRINKLERS)
55 - 5.4.1 General
55 - 5.4.2 Walls and partitions
57 - 5.4.3 Ceilings, roofs and underside of stairs
57 - 5.4.4 Beams and joists
57 - 5.4.5 Columns
58 - 5.4.6 Girders
58 - 5.4.7 Roof trusses
58 - 5.4.8 Clear space below sprinklers
60 - 5.5 SPACING AND LOCATION OF SIDEWALL SPRINKLERS
60 - 5.5.1 General
60 - 5.5.2 Maximum spacing of sidewall sprinklers
60 - 5.5.3 Distance between rows of sprinklers
61 - 5.6 LOCATIONS OR CONDITIONS INVOLVING SPECIAL CONSIDERATION (supplementaryprotection)
61 - 5.6.1 Roof spaces
61 - 5.6.2 Ceiling and floor spaces
61 - 5.6.3 Ceiling materials
61 - 5.6.4 Spaces under ground floors
62 - 5.6.5 Machinery pits and production lines
62 - 5.6.6 Hoists, lift shafts, building services shafts and enclosed chutes
62 - 5.6.7 Elevators, rope or strap races, exhaust ducts, gearing boxes and dust receivers
63 - 5.6.8 Corn, rice, provender and oil mills
63 - 5.6.9 Bins and silos
63 - 5.6.10 Escalators
63 - 5.6.11 Canopies
64 - 5.6.12 Roof overhang
64 - 5.6.13 Exterior docks and platforms
64 - 5.6.14 Covered balconies
64 - 5.6.15 Enclosed paint lines, drying ovens, drying enclosures
64 - 5.6.16 Spray booths
64 - 5.6.17 Oil and flammable liquid hazards
64 - 5.6.18 Commercial type cooking equipment and associated ventilation systems
65 - 5.6.19 Air-handling plant
65 - 5.6.20 Computer and other electronic equipment areas
65 - 5.7 OBSTRUCTIONS BELOW SPRINKLERS
65 - 5.7.1 General
65 - 5.7.2 Overhead platform
65 - 5.7.3 Ducts and bulkheads
65 - 5.7.4 Suspended ceilings
65 - 5.7.5 Hoods over papermaking machines
65 - 5.7.6 Storage racks
66 - 5.7.7 Storage fixtures of solid and slatted shelved construction
66 - 5.8 FILM AND TELEVISION PRODUCTION STUDIOS
66 - 5.8.1 Overhead platforms and walkways
66 - 5.8.2 Concealed spaces and cavities
66 - 5.9 THEATRES AND MUSIC HALLS (protection on the stage side of the proscenium wall)
66 - 5.10 COLD STORAGE WAREHOUSE
66 - 5.10.1 General
67 - 5.10.2 Piping within the cold chamber
68 - SECTION 6 SPRINKLERS, SPRAYERS AND MULTIPLE CONTROLS
68 - 6.1 GENERAL
68 - 6.2 TYPES OF SPRINKLERS, SPRAYERS AND MULTIPLE CONTROLS
68 - 6.2.1 Sprinklers
69 - 6.2.2 Sprayers
69 - 6.2.3 Multiple controls
69 - 6.2.4 Residential sprinkler
69 - 6.2.5 Extended coverage sprinkler
69 - 6.2.6 Large drop sprinkler
69 - 6.2.7 Early suppression fast response
69 - 6.3 SPRINKLER K FACTORS, ORIFICE AND THREAD SIZES
70 - 6.4 APPLICATION OF SPRINKLER TYPES
70 - 6.5 TEMPERATURE RATINGS
70 - 6.6 COLOUR CODING
70 - 6.7 STOCK OF REPLACEMENT SPRINKLERS
71 - 6.8 ANTI-CORROSION TREATMENT OF SPRINKLERS
71 - 6.9 SPRINKLER GUARDS
71 - 6.10 ESCUTCHEON PLATE ASSEMBLIES
71 - 6.11 PROTECTION AGAINST FROST
72 - SECTION 7 PIPING
72 - 7.1 PIPE AND PIPE FITTING
72 - 7.2 HYDRAULIC TEST PRESSURE
72 - 7.3 PIPING IN UNSPRINKLERED BUILDINGS
72 - 7.4 HAZARDOUS PROCESSES AND EXPLOSION HAZARD SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS CONCERNING PIPING AND VALVES
72 - 7.5 SLOPE OF PIPES FOR DRAINAGE
72 - 7.6 LOW LEVEL DRAINAGE
73 - 7.7 PIPE SIZES
73 - 7.8 ORIFICE PLATES
73 - 7.9 SUPPORT OF SPRINKLER PIPING
74 - SECTION 8 VALVES AND ANCILLARY EQUIPMENT
74 - 8.1 CONTROL ASSEMBLIES
74 - 8.2 STOP VALVES
74 - 8.2.1 General
74 - 8.2.2 Main stop valves
74 - 8.2.3 Stop valves controlling water supplies
74 - 8.2.4 Subsidiary stop valves
75 - 8.3 BLOCK PLAN
75 - 8.4 LOCATION PLATE
76 - 8.5 EMERGENCY INSTRUCTIONS
76 - 8.6 NON-RETURN (BACK PRESSURE) VALVES
76 - 8.7 ALARM VALVES
76 - 8.7.1 Alarm valves (wet)
76 - 8.7.2 Alarm valves (dry)
77 - 8.7.3 Composite alarm valves
77 - 8.7.4 Identification of alarm valves and alarm gongs
77 - 8.7.5 Accelerators or exhaustersf or alarm valves (dry system)
77 - 8.8 PRESSURE-REDUCING VALVES
77 - 8.9 DELUGE AND PRE-ACTION VALVES
77 - 8.9.1 Deluge valves
77 - 8.9.2 Pre-action valves
77 - 8.10 ALARM DEVICES
77 - 8.10.1 General
77 - 8.10.2 Prevention of false alarms
78 - 8.10.3 Local water motor alarms
78 - 8.10.4 Direct bridge alarms
78 - 8.10.5 Pressure switches
79 - 8.10.6 Testing of alarm devices
79 - 8.11 REMOTE TEST VALVES
80 - 8.12 PRESSURE GAUGES
81 - SECTION 9 LIGHT HAZARD CLASS SYSTEMS
81 - 9.1 DESIGN DATA
81 - 9.2 WATER SUPPLIES
81 - 9.2.1 Pressure and flow requirements
81 - 9.2.2 Minimum capacity of water supplies
82 - 9.2.3 Pumps
82 - 9.2.4 Proving of water supplies
82 - 9.3 SPACING OF SPRINKLERS
82 - 9.3.1 Maximum area coverage per sprinkler
83 - 9.3.2 Maximum distance between sprinklers on range pipes and between adjacent rows of sprinklers
83 - 9.3.3 Maximum distance from walls and partitions
83 - 9.4 SYSTEM COMPONENTS
83 - 9.4.1 Sprinklers
83 - 9.4.2 Piping
85 - 9.5 SYSTEM DRAINAGE
86 - SECTION 10 ORDINARY HAZARD CLASS SYSTEMS
86 - 10.1 DESIGN DATA
86 - 10.2 WATER SUPPLIES
86 - 10.2.1 Pressure and flow requirements
86 - 10.2.2 Minimum capacity of water supplies
89 - 10.2.3 Pumps
89 - 10.2.4 Proving of water supplies
89 - 10.3 SPACING OF SPRINKLERS
89 - 10.3.1 Maximum area coverage per sprinkler
89 - 10.3.2 Maximum distance between sprinklers on range pipes and between adjacent rows of sprinklers
89 - 10.3.3 Maximum distance from walls and partitions
89 - 10.4 SYSTEM COMPONENTS
89 - 10.4.1 Sprinklers
89 - 10.4.2 Piping
94 - 10.5 SYSTEM DRAINAGE
95 - SECTION 11 HIGH HAZARD CLASS SYSTEMS
95 - 11.1 DESIGN DATA
95 - 11.1.1 General
95 - 11.1.2 Process risks
95 - 11.1.3 High piled storage risks
100 - 11.1.4 Type of system
105 - 11.2 WATER SUPPLIES
105 - 11.2.1 Pressure and flow requirements
106 - 11.2.2 Minimum capacity of water supplies
108 - 11.2.3 Pumps
108 - 11.2.4 Proving of water supplies
108 - 11.3 SPACING OF SPRINKLERS
108 - 11.3.1 Maximum distance between sprinklers
108 - 11.3.2 Maximum distance between sprinklers on range pipes and between adjacent rows of sprinklers
109 - 11.3.3 Maximum distance from walls and partitions
109 - 11.4 SYSTEM COMPONENTS
109 - 11.4.1 Sprinklers
109 - 11.4.2 Piping
111 - 11.5 SYSTEM DRAINAGE
119 - SECTION 12 FULL HYDRAULIC CALCULATION OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS
119 - 12.1 GENERAL
119 - 12.2 DESIGN REQUIREMENTS FOR DENSITY OF DISCHARGE
119 - Method 1
119 - Method 2
119 - 12.3 ASSUMED AREA OF OPERATION
119 - 12.4 SPRINKLERS IN OPERATION
120 - 12.5 POSITION OF ASSUMED AREA OF OPERATION
120 - 12.5.1 Hydraulically most unfavourable area of operation
121 - 12.5.2 Hydraulically most favourable area of operation
121 - 12.6 SHAPE OF ASSUMED AREA OF OPERATION
121 - 12.6.1 Hydraulically most unfavourable area of operation
122 - 12.6.2 Hydraulically most favourable area of operation
122 - 12.7 WATER SUPPLIES
122 - 12.8 PUMPSETS
122 - 12.8.1 General
122 - 12.8.2 Maximum flow rate
122 - 12.9 CALCULATION OF PRESSURE LOSS IN PIPES
123 - 12.10 PRESSURE LOSSES
123 - 12.10.1 Fitting and valves
125 - 12.10.2 Dry pendent (or upright) sprinklers
125 - 12.11 ACCURACY OF CALCULATIONS
125 - 12.12 MINIMUM SPRINKLER DISCHARGE PRESSURE
125 - 12.13 MINIMUM PIPE SIZES
126 - 12.14 VELOCITY LIMITATION
126 - 12.15 VELOCITY PRESSURE
126 - 12.16 IDENTIFICATION OF FULLY HYDRAULICALLY CALCULATED SYSTEMS
140 - APPENDIX A - REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
142 - APPENDIX B - WIRING SYSTEMS RATING
144 - APPENDIX C - ORIFICE PLATES
147 - APPENDIX D - PIPING INTERPRETATIONS
150 - APPENDIX E - COMPLETION CERTIFICATE
153 - INDEX
157 - RECORD OF AMENDMENTS

Specifies the requirements for the design, installation and commissioning of standard fire sprinkler systems in buildings.

This Standard specifies requirements for the installation of standard sprinkler systems in buildings.

First published as part of AS CA16-1939 (endorsement of Seventh Edition of FOC Rules).
Redated 1942.
Second edition 1948 (endorsement of Eighth Edition of FOC Rules).
Third edition 1962 (endorsement of Ninth Edition of FOC Rules).
Fourth edition 1971 (based on Twenty ninth Edition of FOC Rules).
Revised and redesignated in part as AS 2118-1978.
Second edition 1982.
Revised and redesignated in part as AS 2118.1-1995.