DIN 4228 E : 1989
Superseded
A superseded Standard is one, which is fully replaced by another Standard, which is a new edition of the same Standard.
A superseded Standard is one, which is fully replaced by another Standard, which is a new edition of the same Standard.
PRECAST CONCRETE LATTICE TOWERS, MASTS AND COLUMNS
01-11-2004
12-01-2013
1 Field of application<br>2 Materials<br> 2.1 Concrete<br> 2.2 Reinforcing steel<br> 2.3 Prestressing steel<br>3 Verification of quality<br>4 Detailing<br> 4.1 Concrete cover<br> 4.2 Surface reinforcement<br> 4.3 Bar spacing<br> 4.4 Mast assemblies<br> 4.5 Earthing<br> 4.6 Depth of foundation<br>5 Prestress<br>6 Basis of structural analysis<br> 6.1 Design loads<br> 6.1.1 Permanent loads<br> 6.1.2 Normal loads<br> 6.1.3 Accidental loads<br> 6.1.4 Transport and erection loads<br> 6.2 Verification of loadbearing capacity<br> 6.2.1 Applied action-effects<br> 6.2.2 Resistance action-effects<br> 6.3 Serviceability state analysis<br> 6.4 Ultimate limit state analysis<br>7 Testing of compressive strength<br> 7.1 General<br> 7.2 Procedure<br> 7.3 Test report<br>Appendix A - Design wind loads<br> A.1 - Wind loads without allowance for vibration<br> effects<br> A.1.1 - Design wind load<br> A.1.2 - Dynamic pressure<br> A.1.3 - Aerodynamic force coefficient and <br> reference area<br> A.1.3.1 - Design force coefficient<br> A.1.3.2 - Basic force coefficient and <br> reference area<br> A.1.4 - Combined wind and ice loading<br> A.2 - Allowance for vibration effects<br> A.2.1 - Gust-generated vibrations in wind <br> direction<br> A.2.1.1 - Static equivalent load<br> A.2.1.2 - Vibration period<br> A.2.1.3 - Damping<br> A.2.2 - Response to crosswind vortex excitation<br>Standards and other documents referred to<br>Other relevant standards and documents<br>Explanatory notes
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