AS/NZS 2176.1:1996

1 - AS/NZS 2176.1:1996 PRIMARY BATTERIES - GENERAL (BASED ON AND INCLUDING THE FULL TEXT OF IEC 86-1)
4 - PREFACE
6 - CONTENTS
7 - 1. Scope
7 - 2. Basic definitions
7 - 2.1 Primary battery
7 - 2.2 Dry cell or battery
7 - 2.3 Off–load voltage
7 - 2.4 On–load voltage
7 - 2.5 Nominal voltage
7 - 2.6 End–point voltage
7 - 2.7 Discharge
8 - 2.8 Polarization
8 - 2.9 Service output
8 - 2.10 Storage life
8 - 2.11 Internal resistance and impedance
8 - 2.12 Terminals
9 - 2.13 Application test
9 - 2.14 Conformance test
9 - 2.15 Minimum average duration
9 - 2.16 Minimum duration
10 - 3. Nomenclature
10 - 3.1 Section 1
10 - 3.1.1 Cells
13 - 3.1.2 Electrochemical system
14 - 3.1.3 Batteries
14 - 3.1.4 Examples:
14 - 3.2 Section 2
14 - 3.2.1 Round batteries
19 - 3.2.2 Non–round batteries
21 - 3.2.3 Ambiguity
23 - 4. Battery dimensions
23 - 4.1 Definition by dimensions
23 - 4.2 Definition by gauge
24 - 4.3 Examples
26 - 5. Terminals
26 - 5.1 Cap and base
26 - 5.2 Cap and case
26 - 5.2.1 Contact pressure resistance
26 - 5.3 Screw terminals
26 - 5.3.1 Metal nuts
26 - 5.3.2 Insulated nuts
26 - 5.4 Flat contacts
27 - 5.5 Flat or spiral springs
27 - 5.6 Plug–in sockets
27 - 5.7 Snap–fasteners
27 - 5.7.1 Standard stud
28 - 5.7.2 Miniature stud
28 - 5.8 Wire
28 - 5.9 Spring clips
28 - 6. Marking
28 - 6.1 General
28 - 6.2 Small batteries
28 - 6.3 Marking of batteries regarding method of disposal
30 - 7. General design conditions
30 - 7.1 Dimensional stability
31 - 7.2 Leakage
31 - 7.3 Terminals
31 - 7.4 Magnetic properties
31 - 7.5 Off–load voltage limits
31 - 8. Conditions of tests
31 - 8.1 Sampling
31 - 8.1.1 Testing by attributes
31 - 8.1.2 Testing by variables
32 - 8.2 Environmental conditions
32 - 8.2.1 Temperature
32 - 8.2.2 Relative humidity
32 - 8.3 Discharge conditions
32 - 8.3.1 Environmental conditions
32 - 8.3.2 Storage before discharge
33 - 8.3.3 Resistance
33 - 8.3.4 Time periods
33 - 8.3.5 Determination of service output
34 - 8.3.6 Voltage measurement
34 - 8.3.7 Activation of “P”– system batteries
34 - 8.4 Leakage and deformation determination
34 - 8.5 Acceptance tests
34 - 8.6 Methods of determining discharge test conditions
34 - 8.6.1 Application tests
35 - 8.6.2 Capacity tests
35 - 8.6.3 Conformance tests
36 - 8.7 Visual examination for leakage of batteries used in watches
36 - 8.7.1 Pre–conditioning
36 - 8.7.2 Magnification
36 - 8.7.3 Illumination
36 - 8.7.4 Definition of defectives
36 - 8.7.5 Sampling plans and AQL values
37 - 8.8 Conformance check to a specified minimum average duration
37 - 9. Code of practice for shipment, storage, use and disposal of primary batteries
37 - 9.1 Battery manufacture and distribution
37 - 9.1.1 Packing
37 - 9.1.2 Transport and handling
37 - 9.1.3 Storage and stock rotation
38 - 9.1.4 Display at sales points
38 - 9.2 Equipment design
38 - 9.2.1 Technical liaison
39 - 9.2.2 Battery compartment
39 - 9.2.3 Contacts
39 - 9.2.4 Alternative and back–up power supplies
40 - 9.3 Selection, use and disposal
40 - 9.3.1 Purchase
40 - 9.3.2 Installation
40 - 9.3.3 Use
40 - 9.3.4 Replacement
40 - 9.3.5 Reactivation
41 - 9.3.6 Disposal
41 - 9.4 The matter of battery leakage
41 - 10. Safety guidelines
43 - 11. Electrical abuse tests for Batteries with aqueous electrolyte
43 - 11.1 Forced current reversal
43 - 11.1.1 Test method
43 - 11.1.2 Requirements
44 - 11.2 Overdischarge
44 - 11.2.1 Test method
44 - 11.2.2 Requirements
44 - 11.3 Short circuit
44 - 11.3.1 Test method
44 - 11.3.2 Requirement
45 - 12. Guidelines for the standardization of batteries
46 - APPENDIX A - Definition of explosion
47 - Amendment No. 1
52 - CORRIGENDUM

Specifies the nomenclature, dimensions, polarity, terminals, marking, test conditions and service output requirements for primary batteries. This Standard is identical with has been reproduced from IEC 86-1:1993, including the Technical Corrigendum of December 1993 and Amendment 1:1994. To be read in conjunction with AS/NZS 2176.2:1996.

This part of IEC 86 applies to primary cells and batteries based on any electrochemical system. The objects of its publication are:a) to ensure the electrical and physical interchangeability of products from different manufacturers;b) to limit the number of battery types;c) to define a standard of quality and provide guidance for its assessment;d) to provide guidance on matters of safety.These objects are achieved by specifying nomenclature, dimensions, polarity, terminals, marking, test conditions and service output requirements for each battery.

First published as part of AS C387-1967.
Revised and redesignated AS 2176-1978.
Second edition 1986.
Jointly revised and redesignated in part as AS/NZS 2176.1:1996.