AS 2207-1994

1 - AS 2207-1994 NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING - ULTRASONIC TESTING OF FUSION WELDED JOINTS IN CARBON AND LOW ALLOY STEEL
4 - PREFACE
5 - CONTENTS
6 - SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL
6 - 1.1 SCOPE
6 - 1.2 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
6 - 1.3 DEFINITIONS
7 - SECTION 2 E QUIPMENT AND CALIBRATION
7 - 2.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
7 - 2.2 EQUIPMENT
7 - 2.3 CALIBRATION OF EQUIPMENT
7 - 2.3.1 General
7 - 2.3.2 Voltage stability
7 - 2.3.3 Calibration blocks
7 - 2.3.4 Reference blocks
8 - 2.4 COUPLANTS
9 - SECTION 3 METHODS OF TEST
9 - 3.1 SCOPE AND GENERAL
9 - 3.2 DESIGNATION OF TEST METHODS AND SURFACE PREPARATION CATEGORIES
9 - 3.2.1 Designation of test methods
10 - 3.2.2 Designation of surface preparation categories
10 - 3.3 PREPARATION OF TEST SURFACES
10 - 3.3.1 General requirements
11 - 3.3.2 Additional surface requirements
11 - 3.4 METHODS FOR SCANNING AND DISCONTINUITY EVALUATION
12 - 3.5 SENSITIVITY
12 - 3.5.1 General
12 - 3.5.2 Scanning sensitivity
12 - 3.5.3 Evaluation sensitivity
13 - 3.5.4 Preparation of distance-amplitude correction curves
13 - 3.6 SIZING OF DISCONTINUITIES
14 - 3.7 OPTIONAL VARIATIONS IN SIZING FOR LEVELS 2, 3 AND 4
22 - SECTION 4 PRESENTATION OF TEST DATA
22 - 4.1 GENERAL
22 - 4.2 RECORD OF TEST
22 - 4.3 TEST REPORT
24 - APPENDIX A - PURCHASING GUIDELINES
24 - A1 GENERAL
24 - A2 INFORMATION TO BE SUPPLIED BY THE PURCHASER
25 - APPENDIX B - WELDING TERMINOLOGY AND SYMBOLS
25 - B1 GENERAL
25 - B2 BASIC SYMBOLS
26 - B3 NOTATION SYSTEM FOR RECORDING LOCATION AND SIZE OF DISCONITINUITIES
27 - APPENDIX C - FACTORS INFLUENCING PROBE SELECTION
27 - C1 GENERAL
27 - C2 PROBE CHARACTERISTICS
27 - C2.1 Frequency
27 - C2.2 Beam geometry
28 - C2.3 Types of probe
29 - APPENDIX D - METHODS FOR THE DETERMINATION OF ATTENUATION AND TRANSFER LOSS
29 - D1 SCOPE
29 - D2 METHOD FOR NORMAL PROBES
29 - D3 METHOD FOR ANGLE PROBES
31 - APPENDIX E - ALTERNATIVE METHODS FOR ESTABLISHING SENSITIVITY
31 - E1 GENERAL
31 - E2 HOLES
31 - E3 NOTCHES
31 - E4 BACK-ECHO
31 - E5 REFLECTIVITY COMPARISON DIAGRAMS
33 - APPENDIX F - GUIDANCE ON ULTRASONIC TESTING OF WELDS
33 - F1 GENERAL
33 - F2 TESTING AUTHORITIES
33 - F3 WRITTEN TESTING PROCEDURES
33 - F4 SCANNING
34 - F5 SURFACE PREPARATION
34 - F6 EXAMINATIONOF PARENT METAL
34 - F6.1 General examination
34 - F6.2 Examination for lamellar tearing
34 - F7 EXAMINATION OF WELD ZONE
34 - F7.1 Fusion faces
34 - F7.2 Weld root
35 - F7.3 Identification of weld root discontinuities
38 - F7.4 Longitudinal central plane
38 - F7.5 Transverse planes
38 - F8 ULTRASONIC TESTING OF FILLET WELDS
41 - APPENDIX G - PROCEDURES FOR SIZING OF DISCONTINUITES
41 - G1 GENERAL
41 - G2 PROCEDURES FOR SIZING USING THE 20 dB DROP TECHNIQUE
41 - G2. 1 Methods for normal probes
41 - G2. 2 Methods for angle probes for vertically orientated discontinuities
42 - G3 PROCEDURE FOR SIZING USING THE 6 dB DROP TECHNIQUE USING NORMAL PROBES
43 - G4 PROCEDURES FOR SIZING USING THE LAST SIGNIFICANT ECHO TECHNIQUE
43 - G4.1 Method for normal probes
43 - G4.2 Methods for angle probes
48 - APPENDIX H - GUIDANCE ON THE IDENTIFICATION OF DISCONTINUITIES
48 - H1 GENERAL
48 - H2 PROBE MANIPULATION
48 - H3 ECHO BEHAVIOUR
48 - H3.1 Descriptions
48 - H3.2 Echo behaviour of a spherical reflector (non-planar, e.g. a gas pore)
48 - H3.3 Echo behaviour of a specular reflector (planar, e.g. lack of side wall fusion)
49 - H3.4 Echo behaviour of an uneven reflector (e.g. slag inclusion)
49 - H3.5 Echo behaviour of ragged reflectors (e. g. cracks)
50 - H3.6 Echo behaviour of intermittent discontinuities- Practical considerations
51 - APPENDIX I - COMPENSATION FOR CONVEX CURVATURE
51 - I1 COMPENSATION FOR CONVEX CURVATURE OF SCANNING SURFACE
52 - I2 COMPENSATION FOR CONVEX CURVATURE OF BACK WALL
53 - APPENDIX J - USE OF REFLECTIVITY DIAGRAMS
53 - J1 GENERAL
53 - J2 PREPARATION OF A CHARACTERISTIC REFLECTIVITY DIAGRAM
53 - J3 APPLICATION OF REFLECTIVITY DIAGRAM

Specifies methods and requirements for the manual ultrasonic testing of full or partial penetration fusion welded joints in carbon and low alloy ferritic steels, 6 mm or greater in thickness. The Standard employs four sensitivity levels and gives procedures for the sizing of discontinuities. Appendices give guidance on the ultrasonic testing of welds and the identification of discontinuities.

This Standard sets out methods and requirements for the manual ultrasonic testing of full or partial penetration fusion welded joints in carbon and low alloy ferritic steels, 6 mm or greater in thickness, using A-scan presentation and employing four sensitivity levels. This Standard does not cover the testing of stainless steels.It does not cover the testing of longitudinal welds when-(a) the radius of curvature of fabrications is less than 125 mm; or(b) for tubular fabrications having an outside diameter exceeding 250 mm, the ratio of thickness to outside diameter exceeds 0.22.NOTE: Advice and recommendations on information to be supplied by the purchaser at the time of enquiry or order are contained in the purchasing guidelines set out in Appendix A.

AS 2207 first published in part as AS B261.1-1968.
AS B260.1A first published 1968 (being endorsement of BS 3889.1A:1965 without amendment).
AS B261.1-1968 and AS B260.1A-1968 revised, amalgamated and redesignated AS 2207-1979.
Second edition 1980.
Third edition 1994.