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ASTM E 729 : 1996 : R2014

Superseded

Superseded

A superseded Standard is one, which is fully replaced by another Standard, which is a new edition of the same Standard.

View Superseded by

Standard Guide for Conducting Acute Toxicity Tests on Test Materials with Fishes, Macroinvertebrates, and Amphibians

Available format(s)

Hardcopy , PDF

Superseded date

02-27-2023

Superseded by

ASTM E 729 : 2023

Language(s)

English

Published date

12-04-2014

US$108.00
Excluding Tax where applicable

CONTAINED IN VOL. 11.06, 2014 Specifies procedures for obtaining laboratory data concerning the adverse effects of a test material added to dilution water, but not to food, on certain species of freshwater and saltwater fishes, macroinvertebrates, and amphibians during 2 to 8-day exposures, depending on the species.

Committee
E 50
DocumentType
Guide
Pages
22
ProductNote
Reconfirmed 2014
PublisherName
American Society for Testing and Materials
Status
Superseded
SupersededBy
Supersedes

1.1This guide (1)2 describes procedures for obtaining laboratory data concerning the adverse effects (for example, lethality and immobility) of a test material added to dilution water, but not to food, on certain species of freshwater and saltwater fishes, macroinvertebrates, and amphibians during 2 to 8-day exposures, depending on the species. These procedures will probably be useful for conducting acute toxicity tests with many other aquatic species, although modifications might be necessary.

1.2Other modifications of these procedures might be justified by special needs or circumstances. Although using appropriate procedures is more important than following prescribed procedures, results of tests conducted using unusual procedures are not likely to be comparable to results of many other tests. Comparison of results obtained using modified and unmodified versions of these procedures might provide useful information concerning new concepts and procedures for conducting acute tests.

1.3This guide describes tests using three basic exposure techniques: static, renewal, and flow-through. Selection of the technique to use in a specific situation will depend on the needs of the investigator and on available resources. Tests using the static technique provide the most easily obtained measure of acute toxicity, but conditions often change substantially during static tests; therefore, static tests should not last longer than 96 h, and test organisms should not be fed during such tests. Static tests should probably not be conducted on materials that have a high oxygen demand, are highly volatile, are rapidly transformed biologically or chemically in aqueous solution, or are removed from test solutions in substantial quantities by the test chambers or organisms during the test. Because the pH and concentrations of dissolved oxygen and test material are maintained at desired levels and degradation and metabolic products are removed, tests using renewal and flow-through methods are preferable and may last longer than 96 h; test organisms may be fed during renewal and flow-through tests. Although renewal tests might be more cost-effective, flow-through tests are generally preferable.

1.4Acute tests may be performed to meet regulatory data requirements or to obtain time-independent estimates of toxicity.

1.4.1If the objective is to obtain data to meet regulatory requirements, it may be necessary to limit the number of observation times based on stipulations of the regulatory agency and cost considerations.

1.4.2If the objective of an acute toxicity test is to determine a time-independent (that is, incipient, threshold, or asymptotic) toxicity level, an appropriate number of observations must be taken over an exposure duration of sufficient length to establish the shape of the toxicity curve or allow the direct or mathematically estimated determination of a time-independent toxicity value (1), or both.

1.5In the development of these procedures, an attempt was made to balance scientific and practical considerations and to ensure that the results will be sufficiently accurate and precise for the applications for which they are commonly used. A major consideration was that the common uses of the results of acute toxicity tests do not require or justify stricter requirements than those set forth herein. Although the tests may be improved by using more organisms, longer acclimation times, and so forth, the requirements presented herein should usually be sufficient.

1.6Results of acute toxicity tests should usually be reported in terms of an LC50 (median lethal concentration) or EC50 (median effective concentration) at the end of the test, but it is desirable to provide information concerning the dependence of adverse effects on both time and concentration. Thus, when feasible, flow-through and renewal tests should be conducted so that LC50s or EC50s can be reported from 6 h to an asymptotic (time-independent, threshold, incipient) value, if one exists. In some situations, it might only be necessary to determine whether a specific concentration is acutely toxic to the test species or whether the LC50 or EC50 is above or below a specific concentration.

1.7This guide is arranged as follows:

Section

Referenced Documents

2

Terminology

3

Summary of Guide

4

Significance and Use

5

Apparatus

6

 Facilities

6.1

 Special Requirements

6.2

 Construction Materials

6.3

 Metering System

6.4

 Test Chambers

6.5

 Cleaning

6.6

 Acceptability

6.7

Hazards

7

Dilution Water

8

 Requirements

8.1

 Source

8.2

 Treatment

8.3

 Characterization

8.4

Test Material

9

 General

9.1

 Stock Solution

9.2

 Test Concentration(s)

9.3

Test Organisms

10

 Species

10.1

 Age

10.2

 Source

10.3

 Care and Handling

10.4

 Feeding

10.5

 Disease Treatment

10.6

 Holding

10.7

 Acclimation

10.8

 Quality

10.9

Procedure

11

 Experimental Design

11.1

 Dissolved Oxygen

11.2

 Temperature

11.3

 Loading

11.4

 Beginning the Test

11.5

 Feeding

11.6

 Duration of Test

11.7

 Biological Data

11.8

 Other Measurements

11.9

Analytical Methodology

12

Acceptability of Test

13

Calculation of Results

14

Report

15

1.8The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.

1.9This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 7.

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ASTM E 1023 : 1984 : R2007 Standard Guide for Assessing the Hazard of a Material to Aquatic Organisms and Their Uses
ASTM E 1604 : 1994 : R2007 Standard Guide for Behavioral Testing in Aquatic Toxicology
ASTM E 1191 : 2003 : REV A Standard Guide for Conducting Life-Cycle Toxicity Tests with Saltwater Mysids
ASTM E 1563 : 1998 : R2012 Standard Guide for Conducting Static Acute Toxicity Tests with Echinoid Embryos
ASTM E 1604 : 2012 Standard Guide for Behavioral Testing in Aquatic Toxicology
ASTM E 1191 : 2003 : REV A : R2014 Standard Guide for Conducting Life-Cycle Toxicity Tests with Saltwater Mysids
ASTM E 1604 : 2012 : REDLINE Standard Guide for Behavioral Testing in Aquatic Toxicology
ASTM E 1191 : 2003 : REV A : R2023 Standard Guide for Conducting Life-Cycle Toxicity Tests with Saltwater Mysids
ASTM E 1023 : 1984 : R2014 Standard Guide for Assessing the Hazard of a Material to Aquatic Organisms and Their Uses
ASTM E 1563 : 1998. Standard Guide for Conducting Static Acute Toxicity Tests with Echinoid Embryos
ASTM E 1023 : 1984 : R2002 Standard Guide for Assessing the Hazard of a Material to Aquatic Organisms and Their Uses
ASTM E 724 : 1998 : R2012 Standard Guide for<brk type="line"/> Conducting Static Acute Toxicity Tests Starting with Embryos of Four Species of Saltwater Bivalve Molluscs
ASTM E 1563 : 2021 : REV A Standard Guide for Conducting Short-Term Chronic Toxicity Tests with Echinoid Embryos
ASTM E 1192 : 1997 : R2008 Standard Guide for Conducting Acute Toxicity Tests on Aqueous Ambient Samples and Effluents with Fishes, Macroinvertebrates, and Amphibians
IEEE/ASTM SI_10-2010 American National Standard for Metric Practice
ASTM E 724 : 2021 Standard Guide for<brk type="line"/> Conducting Static Short-Term Chronic Toxicity Tests Starting with Embryos of Four Species of Saltwater Bivalve Molluscs
ASTM E 1023 : 1984 : R1996 Standard Guide for Assessing the Hazard of a Material to Aquatic Organisms and Their Uses
ASTM E 1604 : 1994 : R2002 Standard Guide for Behavioral Testing in Aquatic Toxicology
ASTM E 1203 : 1998 : R2004 Standard Practice for Using Brine Shrimp Nauplii as Food for Test Animals in Aquatic Toxicology
ASTM E 1191 : 2003 Standard Guide for Conducting Life-Cycle Toxicity Tests with Saltwater Mysids
ASTM E 1191 : 2003 : REV A : R2008 Standard Guide for Conducting Life-Cycle Toxicity Tests with Saltwater Mysids
ASTM E 1192 : 1997 Standard Guide for Conducting Acute Toxicity Tests on Aqueous Ambient Samples and Effluents with Fishes, Macroinvertebrates, and Amphibians
ASTM E 1563 : 1998 : R2004 : EDT 1 Standard Guide for Conducting Static Acute Toxicity Tests with Echinoid Embryos
ASTM E 943 : 2008 : R2014 Standard Terminology Relating to Biological Effects and Environmental Fate (Withdrawn 2023)
ASTM E 1192 : 1997 : R2003 Standard Guide for Conducting Acute Toxicity Tests on Aqueous Ambient Samples and Effluents with Fishes, Macroinvertebrates, and Amphibians
ASTM E 1203 : 1998 : R2012 Standard Practice for<brk type="line"/> Using Brine Shrimp Nauplii as Food for Test Animals in Aquatic Toxicology (Withdrawn 2013)
ASTM E 1563 : 2021 Standard Guide for Conducting Short-Term Chronic Toxicity Tests with Echinoid Embryos
ASTM E 1191 : 1997 Standard Guide for Conducting Life-Cycle Toxicity Tests with Saltwater Mysids
ASTM E 1192 : 1997 : R2014 Standard Guide for Conducting Acute Toxicity Tests on Aqueous Ambient Samples and Effluents with Fishes, Macroinvertebrates, and Amphibians
ASTM E 1604 : 1994 Standard Guide for Behavioral Testing in Aquatic Toxicology
ASTM E 1203 : 1998 Standard Practice for Using Brine Shrimp Nauplii as Food for Test Animals in Aquatic Toxicology
ASTM E 1563 : 1998 : R2004 Standard Guide for Conducting Static Acute Toxicity Tests with Echinoid Embryos
ASTM E 1191 : 2003 : REV A : R2023 : EDT 1 Standard Guide for Conducting Life-Cycle Toxicity Tests with Saltwater Mysids

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